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What are the precautions for polylactic acid fiber in spinning production process
source：www.kingcharmgroup.com | Release time：2026-07-131、 Raw material pretreatment
1. Moisture regain control
PLA fibers generally have low moisture regain after leaving the factory, and cannot be put into production immediately after entering the factory. They should be placed in the workshop in advance to balance moisture regain; Fiber moisture regain should be controlled within 1.2-1.6%; Low moisture regain, severe static electricity, and excessive flying flowers; Fibers with high moisture regain are prone to moisture and hydrolysis.
2. It is strictly prohibited to get damp
PLA molecules degrade when exposed to moisture during subsequent production and heating, resulting in a decrease in fiber strength; The raw material warehouse should be kept dry and ventilated, and stored in a sealed manner during rainy days; Please try to use it up on the same day when unpacking.
3. Choose fiber specifications
Common length 38-51mm, fineness 1.33-1.67 dtex; Fiber oil content control 0.15-0.25%; Too little oil content and high static electricity; The oil agent is too high and the roller and rubber roller are severely wound.
Separate stacking, avoid mixing with polyester and adhesive, and prevent wrong batch.
2、 Clearing process (opening and cleaning cotton)
1. Process principle: light impact, less cotton falling, low speed, slow conveying
PLA has poor toughness and is prone to producing short fibers and powder under severe impact, resulting in increased yarn fuzz in the later stage.
The rotational speed of the beater decreases by 20-30% compared to pure cotton;
Reduce the distance between the beater and the dust rod to minimize fiber damage;
Reduce blade type punches and use comb needles more frequently.
2. Workshop environment: relative humidity of 62% -66%, temperature of 24-28 ℃; Insufficient humidity and high static electricity can cause the cotton mesh to have broken edges and serious flying flowers.
3. Cotton roll requirements: The tension of the cotton roll is too low, and the winding pressure is reduced; The fibers are compressed and creep when rolled too tightly, resulting in internal stress and easy shrinkage in the later stage; The two sides of the cotton roll are straight without any broken edges, and the weight of the cotton roll is even.
4. Equipment cleaning: The channel should be kept smooth, and the edges and corners should be polished smooth to prevent the formation of hard fiber bundles due to wire hooking.
3、 Carding process (very critical)
Speed configuration: The speed of the cylinder and the piercing roller should be appropriately reduced; The speed of the piercing roller should not be too high to prevent fiber breakage and the production of a large amount of short fibers.
Increase the spacing appropriately: Increase the spacing between the cover plate and the Xilin to reduce excessive fiber rubbing and reduce cotton knots;
Equipment selection: Choose soft and low tooth shallow tooth needle cloth for needle cloth; The tooth tip is smooth and the sharpness is too high for cutting fibers.
Strip tension: The pressure of the cotton strip roller is reduced; The strip should not be pressed too tightly to avoid fiber creep under pressure.
Key points: PLA is prone to static electricity, and it is normal for the cover plate to have too many flowers. Clean the cover plate in a timely manner.
Core goal of carding: to reduce short fibers, minimize cotton knots, and protect fiber length.
4、 Union process
1. Drawing configuration:
The stretching in the front area is enlarged, while the stretching in the back area is relatively small (1.10-1.28). The stretching in the back area is large, which makes it easy to slip and produce stretching waves, resulting in poor strip dryness.
2. Rubber roller selection: Choose medium to high hardness, anti-static rubber rollers with a delicate surface; Ordinary rubber rollers are easy to wrap around; The rubber roller is cleaned regularly, and the accumulation of oil will wrap around the rubber roller.
3. Pressure: The pressure of the pressure roller is moderately reduced to prevent fiber compression creep; The horn mouth is smooth and free of burrs.
4. The humidity in the workshop remains at 62-66%; Smooth merging channels to prevent yarn defects caused by hanging flowers.
5. Strip storage: The cotton strip tube cannot be fully filled, as the fibers will deform after being compressed for a long time. It is recommended to control the height of the strips in the tube to 2/3.
5、 Roving process
Properly increase the twist factor: 8-12% higher than pure cotton, to compensate for the insufficient grip force of PLA and reduce yarn breakage.
Roving stretching: The stretching control in the rear area is 1.12-1.30, and it cannot be too large;
Ingot wings and pressure palm: reduce pressure palm pressure; Reduce the winding density of the roving appropriately; The winding of the coarse yarn is too tight, making it difficult to stretch the fine yarn. The residual stress inside the yarn is high, resulting in excessive shrinkage of the subsequent fabric.
Roving storage: Roving should not be stored for too long and should be used up within 24-48 hours; Long term compression creep leads to an increase in yarn breakage.
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