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Where is the thermal stability of polylactic acid fiber reflected
source：www.kingcharmgroup.com | Release time：2026-03-311、 Clear thermal transition temperature, stable and controllable thermal behavior
1. Glass transition temperature (Tg) stability
The glass transition temperature of polylactic acid fibers is usually in the range of 55-65 ℃, with stable values and small fluctuations. Below this temperature, the fibers exhibit a stiff, glassy state, high modulus, and are not easily deformed; After exceeding Tg, it gradually softens and enters a high elasticity state. This clear transition point makes its thermal response law stable in processes such as shaping, hot pressing, and ironing, making it easy to control the process.
2. Concentration of melting point (Tm) range
The melting point of ordinary polylactic acid fibers is about 160-180 ℃, while the melting point of crystalline PLLA fibers is more stable, mainly concentrated around 175 ℃, with no obvious wide drift and uniform melting process. The melt flowability is stable during melt spinning and hot melt bonding, and it is not easy to cause local overheating and coking.
2、 Thermal stability during processing: temperature resistance but not high temperature resistance
1. Good stability in medium and low temperature processing
Within the temperature range of 100-130 ℃, polylactic acid fibers can be heated for a long time without significant degradation, brittleness, or sudden drop in strength. They are suitable for conventional textile processing such as heat setting, hot air bonding, and hot-rolled nonwoven fabrics, and have a stable structure after forming.
2. Easy thermal degradation and decreased stability at high temperatures
When the temperature exceeds 190-200 ℃, the molecular chain will quickly break, resulting in a decrease in strength, yellowing, brittleness, and a sudden drop in melt viscosity. Therefore, it is not suitable for high-temperature dyeing, high-temperature ironing, and high-temperature spinning and stretching, which are also the boundary characteristics of its thermal stability.
3. Stable and controllable thermal shrinkage rate
After reasonable stretching and heat setting, the thermal shrinkage rate of polylactic acid fibers is low and stable, and the size change is small in dry and hot environments below 130 ℃. The fabric is not easy to wrinkle, deform, or shrink, ensuring the consistency of the finished product size.
3、 Thermal stability under usage environment: durability at room temperature, moderate resistance to moisture and heat
1. Excellent stability in both normal and low temperature environments
At daily operating temperatures (-20 ℃~50 ℃), the mechanical properties, appearance, and hand feel of polylactic acid fibers are stable for a long time, without brittleness, softening, or release of harmful substances. They have good low temperature resistance and are suitable for conventional scenarios such as clothing, home textiles, and packaging.
2. Moisture and heat resistance, relatively mild stability
In high temperature and high humidity environments (such as humid and hot environments above 60 ℃), the hydrolysis rate will accelerate, and long-term use will lead to slow strength degradation. Therefore, it is not suitable for long-term service in high temperature and humid conditions, such as high temperature steam environments, hot water circulation filter materials, etc.
3. Stable performance in heat and oxygen aging resistance
Heating in the air environment makes it difficult to quickly oxidize and become brittle. After short-term exposure to medium temperature, the retention rate of fracture strength and elongation at break is high, and it has a certain ability to resist heat and oxygen aging, meeting the requirements for disposable products, short-term geotextiles, and agricultural fabrics.
4、 Application characteristics brought by thermal stability
It can be used for low-temperature heat setting, hot melt bonding, and hot pressing molding, with strong process adaptability;
Not suitable for high-temperature ironing, high-temperature dyeing, high-temperature sterilization, and limited usage scenarios;
At room temperature, the size is stable and the shape retention is good, making the fabric firm and not easily deformed;
After being heated, the degradation is controllable and can be accelerated in high-temperature composting environments, which is in line with the characteristics of environmentally friendly materials.
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