How to test the functionality of composite spun fibers-Suzhou Kingcharm New Materials Corp.

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How to test the functionality of composite spun fibers

source：www.kingcharmgroup.com | Release time：2026-06-30

Composite fiber functionality is divided into seven mainstream categories: moisture absorption and conductivity, antibacterial, conductive and anti-static, flame retardant, biodegradable, low melting point adhesive, and UV resistant. Each category has standardized testing methods to distinguish between laboratory routine testing and third-party arbitration testing.
1、 Moisture absorbing and sweat wicking/moisture conducting composite fiber (commonly used for skin core shaped and sea island ultrafine fibers)
1. Core suction height test (GB/T 21655.1)
Sample preparation: Cut 30cm long fiber bundles and straighten them;
Operation: Immerse the lower end vertically in distilled water and let it stand in a constant temperature and humidity environment for 30 minutes;
Reading: Measure the upward climb height of the liquid along the fiber, and the higher the value, the better the moisture conductivity;
Adaptation: Cross shaped, skin core hydrophilic composite fiber.
2. Drip diffusion time (GB/T 21655.2)
Spread the fibers flat and titrate 0.02mL of standard water droplets;
Record the time it takes for water droplets to completely penetrate and disappear, with<5 seconds indicating a high moisture absorption level;
Comparison: Hydrophobic two-component fibers do not diffuse when dripping water for a long time.
3. Evaporation rate test
Weigh the standard sample after soaking, place it in a constant temperature environment for 1 hour, calculate the water evaporation rate, and characterize the quick drying performance.
4. Air permeability test (GB/T 5453)
Make non-woven/fabric from fibers, measure the air permeability per unit time using a breathalyzer, and reflect the breathability and comfort performance of the fabric.
2、 Antibacterial composite fiber (antibacterial masterbatch with added skin/core layer, suitable for sanitary materials and home textiles)
1. Oscillatory method (GB/T 20944.3, Fiber Arbitration Standard)
Suitable for composite fibers of loose fibers and long fibers
Strain: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans;
Process: Fiber samples are added to bacterial solution and shaken for 18 hours, followed by dilution, coating, and cultivation;
Calculate the antibacterial rate: A antibacterial rate of ≥ 99% is considered a first level antibacterial;
Waterproof washing test: After washing 50 times according to the standard, retest the antibacterial rate to determine whether the antibacterial component only adheres to the surface.
2. Film sticking method (GB/T 20944.2, fiber fabrics)
Fiber woven into fabric, covered with bacterial droplets and thin film for contact cultivation, suitable for skin core antibacterial fibers, allowing for intuitive observation of the antibacterial zone.
Key distinctions:
Antibacterial masterbatch added to the cortex: antibacterial decay quickly after washing with water; By adding slow-release to the core layer, it has a higher resistance to washing, and testing can distinguish the quality of the structure by comparing the data before and after washing.
3、 Conductive/anti-static composite fiber (skin core conductive composite, industrial dust-free, electronic fabric)
1. Surface resistivity test (GB/T 1410)
Instruments: high resistance meter, four electrode testing fixture;
Lay the fibers flat between the two poles and apply a constant voltage to read the resistance value;
Conductive fiber: resistivity<10 ΩΩ/cm;
Anti static fiber: 10 ⁶~10 ¹¹ Ω/cm;
Ordinary insulation fiber:>10 ¹¹ Ω/cm.
2. Static decay half-life test (GB/T 12703)
After friction electrification, record the time it takes for the surface electrostatic voltage to decay to half, with a half-life of less than 0.5s, to be a superior anti-static fiber.
3. Friction static voltage test
The standard friction device rubs against fibers and directly reads out the higher static voltage generated. The lower the voltage, the better the anti-static performance.
4、 Flame retardant composite fiber (fire protection, decoration, automotive interior composite wire)
1. Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) (GB/T 2406)
Fiber made standard spline, filled with oxygen and nitrogen mixed gas;
Measure the lower oxygen concentration required to maintain continuous fiber combustion;
LOI>28 for non combustible fibers; LOI>32 indicates high flame retardant composite fiber.
2. Vertical combustion test (GB/T 5455)
Ignite the lower end of the sample with an open flame, record the ignition time, smoldering time, and whether the droplets ignite the filter paper to determine the flame retardant level.
5、 Low melting point adhesive composite fiber (skin core hot melt short fiber, special for non-woven fabrics)
Core Test: DSC Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Take a small amount of fiber sample and place it in a DSC crucible;
Program heating, automatically measuring the melting temperature and melting range of the cortex;
Matching adhesive strength test:
Fiber hot pressing bonding is used to make samples, and the peel strength is tested by a strength tester to determine the firmness of the hot melt bonding.
6、 Anti UV composite fiber (outdoor home textile, sunshade fabric)
UPF UV protection coefficient test (GB/T 18830)
Scan the UV transmittance at 280-400nm using a UV spectrophotometer;
Calculate UPF value:
UPF50+: Higher grade, UV blocking rate>98%;
Synchronize testing of UPF attenuation after water washing to evaluate the washing stability of UV resistant masterbatch.

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