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What are the functional modifications of polyester fibers
source：www.kingcharmgroup.com | Release time：2026-08-17It is divided into original solution modification (pre spinning/spinning modification, functional), and fabric finishing modification (coating/immersion rolling, with limited water resistance).
1、 Raw material modification (melt addition, irregular cross-section spinning, long-lasting effect, preferred recommendation)
1. Moisture wicking modification (most commonly used)
Ordinary PET circular cross-section does not absorb water; Adopting cross shaped, pentagonal, and groove shaped cross-sections.
Principle: Water conducting grooves are formed on the surface of fibers, which rely on capillary effect to release sweat without absorbing water and only conducting moisture.
Usage: Quick drying sportswear, outdoor T-shirts, quilted sports fabrics.
2. Hollow insulation modification (hollow polyester fiber)
During spinning, a cavity is formed inside the fiber, which seals the still air.
Features: Lightweight, heat-insulating, fluffy, good compression rebound.
Usage: Fill cotton, quilts, cotton clothing, quilted insulation interlayer.
3. Cationic dyeable modification (CDP cationic polyester)
Add a third monomer to the melt to change the molecular structure, and it can be colored with cationic dyes at room temperature.
Advantages: Bright colors, uniform coloring, can be dyed with nylon in the same bath, achieving a dual color effect.
Usage: Fashion fabrics, chiffon, yarn dyed fabrics.
4. Anti static modification
Add conductive carbon black, metal oxides, and hydrophilic components to reduce surface resistance and dissipate static electricity.
distinguish:
Conductive fiber: anti-static;
Ordinary hydrophilic anti-static: decays after multiple water washes.
Usage: Cleanroom workwear, electronic packaging fabric, tooling.
5. Antibacterial modification (silver ion, zinc ion, inorganic antibacterial powder)
Melt blended antibacterial masterbatch, with antibacterial components evenly distributed within the fibers.
Advantages: Water resistant to washing; Different from simply soaking antibacterial agents (easy to wash off).
Usage: Home textiles, underwear, medical non-woven fabrics, isolation fabrics.
6. Flame retardant modification (FR flame retardant polyester)
Aggregation or spinning with phosphorus based flame retardants, melting and dripping upon contact with fire, self extinguishing, and not continuously spreading flames.
Divided into flame retardant and post finishing flame retardant.
Usage: Curtains, workwear, hotel soft furnishings, protective clothing.
7. UV resistant modification (UV barrier)
Add inorganic UV absorbing powders (titanium dioxide, zinc oxide) to block UVA/UVB.
Usage: Outdoor tents, sunshade fabrics, sun protective clothing.
8. Recycled modified rPET (recycled polyester)
Using mineral water bottles and polyester waste for remelting and spinning is an environmentally friendly modification at the raw material level, with a lower carbon footprint.
Sportswear and eco-friendly luggage fabrics.
9. Whitening, matte, and extinction modification
Add titanium dioxide matting agent:
Semi gloss, fully matte polyester: Weakens mirror reflection, provides a soft touch;
Bright polyester: with minimal use of matting agents, it has a bright luster (such as polyester or imitation silk).
2、 Fabric post-treatment modification (processed after weaving into fabric, with lower cost and upper limit on washing times)
It does not belong to changing the fiber body, but to attaching functional layers on the surface of the fabric:
1. Waterproof and oil resistant (PTFE/fluorine free water repellent finishing)
Forming a hydrophobic film, water droplets roll off; The water washing function gradually decreases after multiple washes.
Commonly used in assault jackets and quilted waterproof fabrics.
2. Soft and hydrophilic finishing
Improve the stuffiness and feel of polyester, and enhance its wetting performance.
3. Anti pilling finishing
Resin reinforced fiber surface reduces friction and fuzzing.
4. Organize after absorbing moisture and sweat
Dip rolling hydrophilic additives have high cost-effectiveness, but the effect deteriorates after 20 to 50 water washes.
5. Coating composite modification
PU coating and PE coating achieve airtightness and waterproofing, widely used in non-woven fabric composites, medical bed covers, insulation and waterproof quilting fabrics.
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