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What is the testing method for electrostatic properties of polyester fibers
source：www.kingcharmgroup.com | Release time：2026-09-141、 Corona charging method (GB/T 12703.1-2021)
Principle: Using corona discharge to apply unipolar ions to the polyester sample to make it charged. After removing the charging power supply, the non-contact electrostatic probe continuously monitors the surface voltage, records the peak voltage and the time it takes for the voltage to decay to half (electrostatic half-life).
1. Sample preparation: Cut the sample as required and distinguish between longitudinal and transverse directions; The sample is pre de electrified and the humidity balance is lowered in the specified temperature and humidity environment.
2. Experimental environment: Temperature and humidity are strictly controlled, and a low humidity environment is closer to the static electricity prone working conditions of polyester fibers.
3. Judgment criteria: Static half-life, the shorter the half-life, the better the static dissipation ability; The half-life of ordinary unmodified polyester fibers is very long, while the half-life of anti-static polyester is significantly shortened.
Applicable: Polyester fabrics, non-woven fabrics; Advantages: good repeatability, not affected by friction materials; Not applicable for the acceptance of explosion-proof and anti-static safety protective clothing.
2、 Mechanical Friction Charging Series Method (Simulating Actual Friction Charging, Most Commonly Used in Engineering)
1. Friction method for rotating machinery GB/T 12703.5-2020
The sample is fixed on a rotating drum, and a standard nylon friction cloth is continuously rubbed against the polyester sample under a specified pressure to measure the charged voltage within 1 minute. Suitable for evaluating the electrical strength of polyester fabrics under friction conditions, commonly used in home textiles and clothing fabrics.
2. Horizontal Mechanical Friction Method GB/T 12703.8-2020
Reciprocating horizontal friction, immediately measure the peak voltage and electrostatic half-life of the sample after friction is completed. Machine woven fabrics are tested in the warp and weft directions, while non-woven fabrics are tested in the longitudinal and transverse directions. Suitable for lightweight polyester non-woven fabrics and thin filament fabrics.
3. Manual Friction Method GB/T 12703.2-2021
Handheld standard friction cloth friction samples are manually used to measure charge surface density with a Faraday tube, which is easy to operate and commonly used for comparative screening.
3、 Fiber resistivity test (GB/T 14342-2021, for polyester short/long fibers)
Principle: The use of a high resistance meter and a three electrode system to test the volume specific resistance of polyester fibers is the fundamental method for evaluating the anti-static ability of the fiber body.
1. Make the fibers into uniform fiber bundles and balance them in a standard temperature and humidity environment; Apply a specified DC voltage, read the resistance, and calculate the specific resistance.
2. Characteristics: It directly characterizes the electrical conductivity of the fiber raw material itself and is commonly used for the acceptance of polyester fiber raw materials upon arrival at the factory; Unmodified polyester fibers have a high specific resistance and are prone to static electricity accumulation; The specific resistance of polyester fibers with added anti-static masterbatch significantly decreases.
4、 Static Attenuation Method GB/T 33728-2017
Apply high voltage charging to polyester samples, record the time when the static voltage decays to a certain threshold after power failure, and set the humidity environment to A/B/C. It can be used for evaluating anti-static textiles and is commonly used for industrial polyester filter materials and tooling fabrics.
5、 Sample pretreatment and general control points
1. Humidity control treatment: polyester fiber is greatly affected by humidity. Before testing, the sample needs to adjust the humidity balance in the standard environment to eliminate residual static electricity and moisture difference; To simulate the state after water washing, it is necessary to follow the washing cycle specified in GB/T 8629 before conducting a humidity test.
2. Sampling requirements: The sample should be free of oil stains, dust, and wrinkles, and dust-free gloves should be worn during operation; Fabric products should be sampled vertically and horizontally separately, with no less than 3 parallel samples in each group, and the average value should be taken.
3. Environmental control: Electrostatic testing is extremely sensitive to temperature and humidity, and the results of low humidity testing are more stringent; The entire testing process is conducted inside a shielded box to avoid external electric field interference.
4. Result selection: Different testing methods have different principles, and indicators cannot be directly equated; Before product acceptance, it should be clearly stated in the technical agreement which standard method to use.
6、 Method selection reference
Polyester fiber raw materials (short fibers/long fibers): GB/T 14342 fiber specific resistance method is preferred
Fabric simulation wearing friction electrification: using rotational friction method and horizontal mechanical friction method
Quick assessment of charge dissipation speed: corona charging method, electrostatic decay method
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